At every moment of our life, we receive dozens, even hundreds of stimuli, whether they are external in nature such as reading this text, listening to music, or internal such as pain, a sensation. These stimuli which attack our body require an adapted and balanced reaction, this involves the intervention of the nervous system, this complex structure, seeks all our lives to find the internal and external adequacy which will allow us to survive. The speech therapy student must have good basic knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, initially to properly assimilate and understand the pathologies of neurological origin, which he will be confronted with in his university course, but also as a future practitioner. In order to understand the functioning of the nervous system, we will approach its histological structure at the neuronal level, what is the neuron? how does it work ? We will explore the genesis of the nervous system in order to identify the embryological origin of the terms used to name these main components. We will establish a general diagram, which in a clear and summarized manner will allow the reader to locate the different components as well as their functions. The evolution of the courses respects the anatomical and physiological complexity of the nervous system, starting from the most primitive structures such as the spinal cord, to the most complex such as the neocortex. This will make it possible to understand behaviors in their primitive forms such as vegetative management, reactivity, but also more complex ones such as reading, writing, speaking with an interlocutor or making a decision. The use of French alongside Arabic (translation of general terms and oral explanation), has the sole aim of providing the student and future practitioner with a rapid adaptation to the Algerian medical profession, for which it will be intended and where it will be used. will be required to write or understand the reports written in this language. We hope that the information presented in these courses will be a gateway to the world of neurology in its physiological and physiopathological aspect. Good reading.
- Enseignant: Karim Belhaouchet